Home loans are often referred to as mortgages. Home loans are needed in order to purchase a home or property. The mortgage is paid in installments over a set period of time.

There are different types of home loans. The most common type of home loan is a fixed rate home loan. These are especially attractive to first time home buyers. Fixed rate home loans are stable, with a monthly payment that remains the same over the term of the loan, which is usually 15 years or 30 years. Fixed rate home loans are low risk, protected against inflation and easier to budget.

Adjustable rate home loans, unlike fixed rate home loans, adjust the interest rate over an initial period (between a few months and few years). Adjustable interest rates begin high during the initial period and slowly reduce in rate.

Balloon home loans differ from the two, as the monthly payments are based on a 30 year amortization schedule, however the entire home loan balance is due at the end of the loan?s term (between five and seven years).

Reverse mortgage loans are ideal for older homeowners, as the owner receives money instead of making a monthly payment. The reverse mortgage does not need to be repaid until the home is sold, the owner dies, or the owner no longer uses the home as his or her primary residence. To apply for a reverse mortgage, you must be over 62 years of age and define the home as your primary residence.

Down payments are required when taking out a loan. Depending on the type of loan, the down payment can range from 3-20% of the home?s total value. The buyer?s credit history, income, and the value of the home are calculated into the down payment.

The buyer will also have to pay closing costs on their home loan. These are usually three to seven percent of the home?s cost and include points, taxes, title insurance, financing and other settlement costs. You can negotiate with your lender to try and keep your closing costs down. Some sellers also pay the closing costs for the buyer as part of the home loan deal. Ask your home loan provider for details.

Tom Martens is the content coordinator for South Arica?s leading Homeloans portal which amongst others offers Bond origination services for all major banks.